During my decade working in China reading materials meant for a Chinese audience was a great help in my work. Attending some meetings deemed international (if one foreigner was allowed to attend, it was classified as an international meeting) I would always collect the Chinese language handouts as well as the English language ones. The Chinese handouts were always more detailed and franker — almost as if the Chinese language itself was itself a low level of security classification.

My funniest encounter with the Chinese language as a security classification was when I was staying at a fancy hotel on the outskirts of Kunming, a mile-high city, that had an Olympic-sized swimming pool. An Yunnan Province foreign affairs cadre had stopped by to see me. I said to him “Your Chinese Olympic swimming team has a nice pool to train in!” The cadre responded, “How do you know that? It is supposed to be a secret!” I answered “I see over there against the wall a banner that reads “Welcome to the Chinese Olympic Swimming Team for high-altitude training!“.

Seeking Truth via Google Translate. Despite the heavy machine accent, machine translation programs can provide subtleties missed from external messaging.

At work I got the People’s Daily Renmin Ribao 人民日報 (the tongue of the Party — Sino-illiterate comrades may wish to read the Takashila Institution (India)’s Manoj Kewalramani‘s blog Tracking People’s Daily or compare the English language edition of People’s Daily with its (naturally) more inward-looking Chinese language edition via machine translation) and subscribed to Qiushi (求是) [Seeking Truth] the top ideological journal of the Chinese Communist Party. Comrades in quest of the Truth can now use the magic of machine translation to read it in English — click on Seeking Truth.

Reading those publications and the press helped me ask question that went beyond the public, since many small details might add up to something different than the official story. If officials thought I didn’t know what was out there, they would probably have just told me what is in the newspaper and leave it at that.

When I got to Beijing in ’96, I was a regular reader of the digest newspapers that carried sometimes startling articles from the provincial press. One was about farmers in Gansu who took over a Chinese television relay in the mountains and fed it with video tape recorder feeds of local Muslim religious and commercial programming. They got away with that for a few months. Today the Internet helps follow local developments. The dirt of province A might be published in neighboring province B’s newspaper since the province B provincial party committee’s propaganda department doesn’t care about province A sensitivities. Growing legions of internet censors are busy with their online erasers: unwelcome digital stories are easier to erase than printed ones. Hard copies have their place.

PRC Ministry of Education Issues Guidelines for Forming Right-Thinking Students: “Key Points About the Leadership of the Communist Party”

If there is one thing that the Party has insisted upon from start to finish, that would be the leadership of the Communist Party — a principle which, as we shall see in the translated document below, all blessings flow. Comrade readers may find this document a good run-down of how things are supposed to work in China.

The PRC Ministry of Education in late 2021 issued guidance to teachers to help them better get across to their elementary, middle and high school students “Key Points About the Leadership of the Communist Party“.

The Guide provides requirements according to the characteristics of each school level. The primary level focuses on the stories of the Party’s leaders, heroic deeds, important events, and significant achievements to cultivate students’ love for the Party and support for its leadership. The middle school level focuses on introducing major events and important figures, theoretical achievements and construction accomplishments in different periods to guide students to consolidate the foundation of belief in supporting the Party’s leadership. The high school level focuses on the advanced, revolutionary and popular nature of the Party, helping students to form a political identity in support of the Party’s leadership. At the university level, the Guide systematically introduces the basic knowledge, theories, and institutional mechanisms of the Party’s leadership, explains the historical, theoretical, and practical logic of the Party’s leadership, and teaches students to carry out their mission of supporting the Party’s leadership.
“Guide to “Party Leadership” into the curriculum and teaching materials of primary and secondary schools” issued” October 22, 2022 PRC Ministry of Education press release.

China’s leader Xi Jinping has called China’s ‘whole process democracy’ a type of democracy in no way inferior to the democracy of other countries. In December 2021, one Chinese person wrote an anonymous article daring to disagree. I hope his anonymity protected him after writing “The Eunuch’s Big Cock – Whole Process Democracy” 太监的大鸡巴-全过程民主 translated elsewhere on this blog.

Some may find whole process democracy and this Chinese-style civics class as helping keep the total in totalitarian. That seems to be the point of the people’s democratic dictatorship, a key phrase in which dictatorship is clearly the noun-in-charge.

Related articles:

In the translation below I have added italics to the explanatory notes for teachers following each section and brackets with the Chinese text page numbers for comrades who wish to review my translation. I don’t know whether the Chinese Communist Party’s Central Commission for Discipline and Inspection has a special section to detect translation violators but one can’t be too careful. Below I have translated the first quarter of the document — I. Characteristics and Mission of the Communist Party of China.

If I manage to hold fast to my original intention, the rest will be translated shortly.

Full Translation of the PRC Ministry of Education October 2021 Teacher Guidelines on Teaching the Leadership of the Communist Party in Four Installments:

Key Points About the Leadership of the Communist Party

“党的领导”相关内容要点 posted on the PRC Ministry of Education website in October 2021

Table of Contents

I. Characteristics and Mission of the Communist Party of China — 1

The Nature and Action Guidelines of the Communist Party of China — 1
The original heart and mission of the Communist Party of China —— 1
The Great Founding Spirit of the Communist Party of China ———– 3
The fundamental organizational principles of the CPC ——————- 6
The Organizational System of the Communist Party of China ———– 8
The “Five-in-One” Overall Layout of the Socialist Cause with Chinese Characteristics and the
“Four Comprehensive Strategic Layout” of the Socialist Cause with Chinese Characteristics — 12
The CPC leads the people in developing a socialist market economy— 18
The CPC leads the people in developing socialist democratic politics — 19
The CPC leads the people in developing advanced socialist culture —– 21
The CPC leads the people in building a socialist harmonious society — 22
The CPC leads the people in building a socialist ecological civilization 24
II. The Leading Position of the CPC ————————————— 25
The inevitability of the leadership of the Communist Party of China —- 25
The leadership of the Party is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics- 26
The leadership of the Party is the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics ———— 28
Adhering to and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party ——– 30
The CPC leads the people of all nationalities to unify the great struggle, the great project, the great cause and the great dream. great projects, great undertakings and great dreams- 35
Resolutely maintain the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the whole Party
and resolutely uphold the authority and centralized leadership of the Party Central Committee —– 37
III. Institutional mechanism of the Party leadership ———————- 40
Improve the system of governing for and by the people ———————- 40
Establish a sound system for improving the Party’s ability to govern and leadership – 44
Improving the supervision system of the Party and the State —————– 47
Coordinating the reform of the Party, government, military and group institutions — 50
Consolidating and Developing the Patriotic United Front ———————-53
Adhering to and Improving the System of Absolute Leadership of the Party over the People’s Army 56
Improving the Party’s institutional mechanism for leading foreign affairs work 60
Sound and efficient institutional implementation mechanism —————— 62
IV. Party Building within the Communist Party of China —————— 65
Basic Requirements for the Construction of the Party ————————— 65
The New Great Project of Party Building in the New Era ———————– 68
Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party ——————————- 71
Political Construction of the Party ————————————————– 73
Ideological Construction of the Party ———————————————– 75
Organizational Construction of the Party ——————————————- 77
Construction of Party style ———————————————————— 79
Disciplinary Construction of the Party ———————————————– 80
Party system construction ————————————————————– 82
Promoting all aspects of the Party’s construction with the Party’s political construction as the overall leader ————————————————————————————– 83
Party Inspection and Supervisory System ——————————————– 85
Leading High-Quality Development with High-Quality Party Construction —–86
The Party’s Self-Revolution and the Social Revolution Promoted by the Party Leading the People — 88
References ——————————————————————————— 93

I. Characteristics and Mission of the Communist Party of China

1. Nature and Action Guidelines of the Communist Party of China

The CPC is the vanguard of the Chinese working class, the vanguard of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, the leading core of the socialism with Chinese characteristics. The CPC represents the development requirements of China’s advanced productive forces, the direction of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people. The Party’s highest ideal and ultimate goal is to achieve communism.

The Communist Party of China adopts Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thinking of the Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as its guide to action.

Note: The nature of the Party and its guide to action are the core contents that must be clearly explained in the course materials related to “Party Leadership”. Therefore, it is necessary to explain clearly the historical evolution, specific meaning, basic requirements and impact of the nature of the “One Core”, “Two Vanguards” and “Three Represents” of the CPC, the highest ideal and ultimate goal of the Party is to achieve communism, and to explain clearly the Party’s action guidelines.

2. The Original Intention and Mission of the CPC

The original intention and mission of the CPC is to work for the happiness of the Chinese people and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Over the past century, all the struggles, all the sacrifices, and all the creations made by the CPC united with and leading the Chinese people have boiled down to one theme: to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Ever since it was established, the CPC has united and led the people to write a magnificent epic in the history of human development on this ancient land of China, which has astonished heaven and earth and made the gods weep.

The CPC has fundamentally changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, irreversibly ended the tragic fate of China after the modern era of internal and external troubles, accumulated poverty and weakness, and irreversibly started the historical march of the Chinese nation towards its continuous development and growth and great rejuvenation, giving China, with a civilization history of more than 5,000 years, opening up a new chapter in China’s history and showing unprecedented bright prospects for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The original intention and mission of the CPC are the fundamental motivation for the CPC to keep moving forward. The CPC will always breathe with the people, share the same fate, and share the same heart, and always take the people’s aspiration for a better life as the goal of struggle, and continue to advance toward the grand goal of achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with a never-slackening spirit and an unrelenting stance of struggle.

The Communist Party of China (CPC) is a political party that seeks the happiness of the Chinese people and struggles for progress in human affairs. The CPC has always seen its mission to make new and greater contributions to humanity. The lofty ideals of communism and the common ideals of socialism with Chinese characteristics are the spiritual pillars and political soul of the CPC. All that the CPC does is to work for the happiness of the Chinese people, the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the peace and development of mankind.

The CPC comes from the people, roots itself in the people, and benefits the people. . The Party takes the fundamental interests of the people as the fundamental starting and ending points of all its work, insists on taking the people’s support or disapproval, approval or disapproval, and pleasure or displeasure as the basis for making policies, responds to the people’s wishes, respects public opinion, pays attention to public sentiment, and devotes itself to improving the people’s lives, and leads the people forward by proposing and implementing correct theories and routes and policies.

We will not only lead the people forward by putting forward and implementing the correct theories and lines and policies, but also obtain the impetus to move forward from the people’s practical creation and development requirements, so that the people can share the fruits of reform and opening up, and inspires them to more consciously join the cause of reform and opening up and socialist modernization.

[P. 2 Chinese text]

Note: Regarding the original intention and mission of the CPC, it is necessary to make it clear that the CPC is committed to the well-being of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation.

The original intention and mission of working for the happiness of the Chinese people and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the mission of the CPC to make new and greater contributions to mankind. At the same time, it is necessary to explain clearly the historical process of the formation of the Party’s original intention and mission, the significance of maintaining the Party’s original intention, and the relationship between the Party’s original intention and mission and its ideals, as well as the relationship with the Party’s purposes.

3. The Great Founding Spirit of the Chinese Communist Party

After the Opium War in 1840, China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and the country was humiliated, the people suffered, and the civilization was discredited. Since then, it has been the greatest dream of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In order to save the nation from the peril, the Chinese people rose up in rebellion, and the benevolent men and women ran around and cried out. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the Hundred Days’ Reform, the Boxer Rebellion, and the Xinhai Revolution came one after another, and various plans to save the nation were introduced, but all ended in failure.

The October Revolution brought Marxism-Leninism to China with a 👉 gunshot. In China

came a great awakening of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, and in the close meshing of Marxism-Leninism with the actual situation of Chinese workers’ movement, the Communist Party of China was born. The emergence of the Communist Party in China was a groundbreaking event that profoundly changed the direction and course of the development of the Chinese nation after the modern era, profoundly changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, and profoundly changed the trend and pattern of world development.

The pioneers of the Party were instrumental in saving the Chinese nation from a deep crisis, taking up the important task of the great revival of the Chinese nation, and creating the Chinese Communist Party.

In the process of saving the Chinese nation from a deep crisis, taking up the important task of the great revival of the Chinese nation, and founding the CPC, the Party’s pioneers developed a strong commitment to the truth and ideals, The great founding spirit of the Party was to uphold the truth, hold fast to the ideals, carry out the original intention and take up the mission, not be afraid of sacrifice, fight bravely, be loyal to the Party and live up to the people.

[Page 3 Chinese text]

The great party-building spirit of the Communist Party of China has profound connotations.

Adherence to the truth and ideals. Marxism creatively reveals the laws of human social development, is the truth repeatedly proven by social history, is the people’s ideological system to achieve their own liberation, and with the development of practice and continuous development. The ideal and belief of communists is to realize communism. The Communist Party of China is the product of the combination of the truth of Marxism and the Chinese workers’ movement. From the day it was founded, the Party has taken Marxism as its fundamental guiding ideology, and has continuously enriched and developed it in practice. The ideals and beliefs of the Chinese Communists are based on the laws of human social development revealed by Marxism. To adhere to the truth is to firmly believe that Marxism is an unbreakable scientific truth; to adhere to the ideal is to follow the laws of human social development, to firmly believe that the realization of communism is the inevitable social and historical development, and to strive for it relentlessly.

Practicing the original intention and taking up the mission. To adhere to the truth and ideals, we must follow the spirit of learning from practice. In the spirit of practice, we must put our original mission of seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation into practice, be persevering and indomitable, face challenges head-on, be unswerving and continue to move forward, and strive for the communist ideal throughout our lives. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed, “Looking back at the history of the Party, why our Party was able to gradually develop and grow up in such a weak situation, to be reborn again and again in the fierce wind and blood, to overcome difficulties in the attack can continue to move from victory to victory, the fundamental reason is that whether in good times or bad times, our Party always adhere to the original intention and mission of working for the happiness of the Chinese people, working for the rejuvenation of the Chinese people. The fundamental reason is that whether in good times or bad, our Party has always held fast to the original intention and mission of working for the happiness of the Chinese people and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and has marched righteously toward this goal, thus winning the heartfelt support and firm backing of the people.”

Don’t be afraid of sacrifice and heroic struggle. Fearless sacrifice refers to the noble spirit of sacrificing one’s life for the truth and ideals; heroic struggle refers to the heroic spirit of daring to fight and win for the happiness of the people and the rejuvenation of the nation. To sacrifice for the sake of sacrifice, to change the sun and the moon into a new sky is a typical expression of the heroic and heroic spirit of the Communists, who are willing to die as if they were going home and are righteous.

The will and characteristic of not fearing the enemy, not fearing danger, daring to fight, and dare to win are the most distinctive traits and characteristics of our Party. The spirit of sacrifice and heroic struggle founded by the Party’s pioneers has profoundly influenced the practice of the great struggle of generations of communists. No other party in the world has encountered so many hardships and dangers. No other party has been tested so often in many life and death situations, and paid so many tragic sacrifices as our Party. According to incomplete statistics, from 1921 to 1949, the number of martyrs of the revolution who died in the country is more than 3.7 million people. In the fight against poverty, more than 1,800 comrades have set their lives in the fight against poverty on the journey.

Be loyal to the Party and never let the people down. Loyalty to the party is reflected in loyalty to the party’s beliefs, to the party organization, to the party’s theory and line policy; to live up to the people is to always adhere to the fundamental purpose of wholeheartedly serving the people. As the great party spirit, loyalty to the party is the primary political quality of communists. Our Party has gone through many hardships and tribulations along the way. However,difficulties have never crushed us and no enemy has been able to defeat us because we rely on the loyalty of millions of party members. Loyalty to the party, must be single-minded, consistent, must be as one, know and do, at all times any The company’s main goal is to provide a comprehensive range of products and services to the public. [P 5] At the same time, the CPC has its roots in the people and its bloodline in the people. It has always represented the fundamental interests of the broadest number of people, and has always been in solidarity with the people, and has lived and died with them, without any special interests of its own. The people’s position is the fundamental political position of the CPC. This spirit reflects the lofty sentiments of the Party’s pioneers who stood up for the public and dedicated themselves to the people.

The Great Party Building Spirit nobly embodies the spiritual qualities of the Party’s pioneers in the practice of building the Party, and is an excellent distillation of the multifaceted spirit of the Party’s pioneers in their struggle for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the ideals of communism. Over the past 100 years, the CPC has carried forward the great founding spirit, built up the spiritual genealogy of the Chinese Communists in its long-term struggle, and refined its distinctive political character.

History flows on and on, and the spirit is passed on from generation to generation. In the historical process of starting a new journey of building a modern socialist country, realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and realizing the great ideal of communism, we should continue to carry forward the glorious tradition, continue the red bloodline, and carry forward the great party building spirit forever.

Note: Regarding the great founding spirit of the CPC, we need to explain clearly the historical background and process of the formation of the great founding spirit of the CPC, the profound connotation of the great founding spirit, and the fact that the great founding spirit is the source of the spirit of the CPC, which must be passed on from generation to generation and carried forward. [P.6]

4. The Fundamental Organizational Principles of the CPC

The CPC is organized according to its own program and constitution and in accordance with democratic centralism. The CPC is a unified whole organized according to its program and constitution and in accordance with democratic centralism. Democratic centralism is a combination of concentration on the basis of democracy and democracy under the guidance of concentration. It is both the fundamental organizational principle of the Party and the application of the mass line in the life of the Party. The basic principles of the Party’s democratic centralism are:

First, individual Party members obey the Party organization, the minority obeys the majority, subordinate organizations obey higher organizations, and all Party organizations and all Party members obey the National Congress and the Central Committee of the Party.

Second, the leading organs of the Party at all levels, except for the representative organs they send and the Party groups in non-Party organizations, are elected.

Third, the highest leading organs of the Party are the Party’s National Congress and the Central Committee it produces. The leading organs of the Party at local levels are the Party’s local congresses and the committees they produce. The committees at all levels of the Party are responsible to the congresses at the same level and report on their work.

Fourth, the Party’s higher-level organizations must always listen to the opinions of the lower-level organizations and the Party members, and promptly solve the problems they raise. The Party’s lower-level organizations must both consult and report to the higher-level organizations and independently and responsibly solve problems within their own areas of responsibility. Organizations at higher and lower levels should exchange information, support and supervise each other. Party organizations at all levels should implement open party affairs in accordance with regulations, so that party members can have more understanding of and participate in party affairs.

Fifth, the Party committees at all levels implement a system combining collective leadership and individual division of responsibility. All major issues shall be discussed collectively by the Party committees and decided in accordance with the principles of collective leadership, democratic centralization, individual gestation and meeting decisions; committee members shall effectively perform their duties in accordance with the collective decisions and division of labor. [P.7]

Sixth, the Party prohibits any form of cult of the individual. It must ensure that the activities of Party leaders are under the supervision of the Party and the people, while maintaining the prestige of all leaders who represent the interests of the Party and the people.

Note: Regarding the Party’s fundamental organizational principles, it is necessary to make clear the basic meaning and principles of the Party’s democratic centralism. To explain the relationship between democracy and centralization, focusing on the “four obedience” requirements of individual obedience to the organization, minority obedience to the majority, subordination to superiors, and party obedience to the central government. At the same time, the other five requirements stipulated in the Party Constitution should be clearly explained, including the significance and concrete embodiment of these requirements in organizational practice.

5. The Organizational System of the Communist Party of China

The CPC was established in accordance with the Marxist principles of party building and has a tight organizational system that includes the central organization, local organizations, and grassroots organizations of the Party.

Delegates and committees of the Party congresses at all levels are elected to reflect the will of the electors. Elections are held by secret ballot. The list of candidates should be fully conceived and discussed by the party organization and the electors. This list can have more candidates on it that the number of positions available: this differential election method for formal elections should be used. This can also be used as a first pre-election method of differential election to produce a list of candidates, followed by the official election. Electors have the right to know the candidates, request a change of candidates, not to elect any of the candidates and to elect another person. No organization or individual may in any way force electors to elect or not to elect a person. In the case of elections to local Party congresses and grassroots congresses at all levels, if a violation of the Party Constitution occurs, the Party committee at the next higher level shall, after investigation and verification, make a decision to invalidate the election and take corresponding measures, and report it to the Party committee at the next higher level for review and approval, and officially announce and implement its decision. The term of office of the delegates to the Party congresses at all levels shall be fixed.

[P. 8]

The Party committees at the central and local levels convene congresses when necessary to discuss and decide on important issues that need to be resolved in time. The quota and method of selection of delegates to the congresses shall be decided by the committee convening the congress.

The Party’s leading organs at all levels, when making decisions on important issues related to subordinate organizations, shall, under normal circumstances, consult the subordinate organizations. It is necessary to ensure that the subordinate organizations are able to exercise their powers and functions normally. All issues that should be handled by the lower-level organizations should not be interfered with by the higher-level leading organs without special circumstances.

On major policy issues of national importance, only the Party Central Committee has the right to make decisions; Party organizations in all departments and localities may make proposals to the Central Committee, but may not make unauthorized decisions or announce these proposals outside the Party. The Party’s lower-level organizations must resolutely carry out the decisions of the higher-level organizations. If a subordinate organization considers that the decision of the higher organization is not in line with the actual situation in the region or department, it may request a change; if the higher organization insists on the original decision, the subordinate organization must carry it out and may not express different opinions publicly, but has the right to report to the next higher organization.

The central organization of the Party. It includes the National Congress of the Party and its Central Committee, the Central Political Bureau and the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau, elected by the plenary session of the Central Committee, the Central Military Commission, decided by the Central Committee, and the Central Secretariat, nominated by the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau and adopted by the plenary session of the Central Committee. The National Congress of the Party is held once every five years and is convened by the Central Committee. If the Central Committee deems it necessary, or if more than one-third of the provincial organizations request it, the National Congress may be held earlier; absent extraordinary circumstances, it may not be postponed. The term of office of the Central Committee of the Party shall be five years. [9]

The National Congress of the CPC

If a national congress is held earlier or postponed, its term of office will be changed accordingly. Members and alternate members of the Central Committee must have at least five years of Party service. The number of members and alternate members of the Central Committee shall be decided by the National Congress. If a vacancy arises among the members of the Central Committee, the alternate members of the Central Committee shall be replaced in the order of the number of votes received. The plenary session of the Central Committee is convened by the Central Political Bureau and held at least once a year. The Central Political Bureau reports its work to the Plenary Session of the Central Committee and is subject to supervision. The powers of the National Congress of the Party are: to hear and review the report of the Central Committee; to review the report of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission; to discuss and decide on important Party issues; to amend the Party’s Constitution; to elect the Central Committee; and to elect the Central Discipline Inspection Commission. When the National Congress is not in session, the Central Committee implements the resolutions of the National Congress, leads all the work of the Party, and represents the CPC externally.

The powers of the National Congress of the Party are: to discuss and decide major issues; to adjust and co-opt some members of the Central Committee and the Central Discipline Inspection Commission. The amount of adjustment and co-option of Central Committee members and alternate Central Committee members shall not exceed one-fifth of the respective total number of Central Committee members and alternate Central Committee members elected by the Party National Congress.

The Party’s Central Political Bureau, the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau and the General Secretary of the Central Committee shall be elected by the plenary session of the Central Committee. The General Secretary of the Central Committee must be elected from among the members of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau. The Central Political Bureau and its Standing Committee exercise the powers and functions of the Central Committee between the plenary sessions of the Central Committee. The Central Secretariat is the office of the Central Political Bureau and its Standing Committee; its members are nominated by the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau and adopted by the Plenary Session of the Central Committee. General of the Central Committee The secretary is responsible for convening the meetings of the Central Political Bureau and the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau, and presides over the work of the Central Secretariat. [P. 10]

The composition of the Party’s Central Military Commission is decided by the Central Committee, which operates under a system of chairmanship.

Local organizations of the Party

They are the congresses of the Party in provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities and autonomous regions, as well as counties (banners), autonomous counties, unincorporated cities and municipal districts, and the committees they produce, and also include the disciplinary inspection committees elected by the Party congresses. The congresses of the above organizations are held once every five years. The committees of the Party in provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities and autonomous regions are elected for a term of five years each. The members and alternate members of these committees must have at least five years of Party experience. The Party’s counties (banners), autonomous counties, cities not located in districts, and municipal districts, each term of office shall be five years. The members and alternate members of these committees must have at least three years of Party experience. Plenary sessions of the Party’s local committees at all levels shall be held at least twice a year. The local committees at all levels elect their standing committees, secretaries and deputy secretaries, and report them to the Party committees at higher levels for approval.

The powers of the local Party congresses at all levels are: to hear and review the reports of the committees at the same level,review the reports of the disciplinary inspection committees at the same level; discuss and make resolutions on important issues within the region; elect the Party committees at the same level and elect the disciplinary inspection committees at the same level.

Between congresses, local committees of the Party at all levels carry out the instructions of the Party organizations at higher levels and the resolutions of the Party congresses at the same level, lead the work of their localities, and report regularly to the Party committees at higher levels. The standing committees of the local Party committees at all levels exercise the powers and functions of the committees between the plenary sessions of the committees; during the sessions of the next congresses, they continue to preside over their regular work and report regularly to the Party committees at higher levels.

During the next congress, they continue to preside over their regular work until a new standing committee is formed. [P.11]

The Party

The standing committees of the Party’s local committees at all levels regularly report their work to the plenum of the committee and are subject to supervision. The Party’s regional committees and organizations equivalent to regional committees are representative organs dispatched by the Party’s provincial and autonomous regional committees within the boundaries of several counties, autonomous counties and cities. It leads the work of the region according to the authorization of the provincial and autonomous regional committees.

The Party’s grass-roots organizations

These include the grassroots committees, general branch committees, and branch committees of enterprises, rural areas, organs, schools, scientific research institutes, street communities, social organizations, People’s Liberation Army companies, and other grassroots units, including the disciplinary inspection committees established by the grassroots committees with approval. In enterprises, rural areas, institutions, schools, research institutes, street communities, social organizations, People’s Liberation Army companies and other grassroots units, all those with more than three official Party members should set up a Party grassroots organization. The Party’s grass-roots organizations are the fighting bastions of the Party in the grass-roots organizations of society, and are the basis of all the Party’s work and combat power.

Note: Regarding the Party’s organizational system, it is necessary to explain clearly the hierarchy of the Party’s organizational system. The Party’s organizational structure, the composition and powers of different levels of organizations, the Party’s organizational system and its basic principles, including the Party’s organizational principles, the principles of party building, and the principles of democratic elections, the types of central and local organizations, their emergence, the relationship between upper and lower levels of organizations and the relationship and powers of each organ, and the composition and functions of grassroots organizations.

6. The “Five-in-One” overall layout and the “Four-Round” Strategic Layout of the Socialist Cause with Chinese Characteristics

The overall and strategic layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics has undergone a long process of formation and development. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, our Party has formed and coordinated the economic construction, political construction, and the development of the “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout. Since the 18th Party Congress, our Party has formed and coordinated the “Five-in-One” overall layout of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction, and ecological civilization construction, and the “four-in-one” strategic layout of building a moderately prosperous society, deepening reform, comprehensively following the rule of law, and implementing strict all round governance of the Party. The “Five-in-One” overall layout and the “Four-comprehensive” strategic layout are mutually reinforcing and integrated, establishing the strategic planning and deployment for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era from a global perspective.

The overall layout of socialism with Chinese characteristics is an important result of our Party’s deepening practice and understanding of the laws of socialist construction. Since the reform and opening up, with the development of economy and society and the deepening of practice, from the “two civilizations” of material civilization and spiritual civilization, to the “Three in One” of economic, political and cultural construction, and the “Four in One” of economic, political, cultural and social construction, to the “Four in One” of socialism. This is a major theoretical and practical innovation, which has brought about a profound change in the concept of development and the way of development. All aspects of the “Five-in-One” are interrelated, mutually reinforcing and inseparable, and together constitute the whole picture of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics. In accordance with the holistic objectives of the “Five-in-One” overall layout, we should adhere to the economic construction as the center, promote the coordination of economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization construction, promote the adaptation of the relations of production to the productive forces and the superstructure to the economic foundation, and advance the overall development and progress of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

The “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout is a new strategy of governance determined by our Party from a new historical starting point to grasp the new features of China’s development, and is a strategic choice to promote reform and opening up and socialist modernization and adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics under the new conditions of the times. This strategic layout is derived from the real needs of China’s development, from the people’s eager expectations, and is aimed at solving the problems we face. This strategic layout is derived from the real needs of China’s development, from the ardent expectations of the people, and to promote the solution of the outstanding contradictions and problems we face. [P. 13] The Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee conducted special studies on comprehensively deepening reform, comprehensively following the rule of law, comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society and comprehensively governing the Party strictly, and completed the top-level design of the “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout.

The “Five-in-One” overall layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics is an organic whole, of which economic construction is the root, political construction is the guarantee, cultural construction is the soul, social construction is the condition, and ecological civilization construction is the foundation, which are jointly committed to comprehensively upgrading our material, political, spiritual, social and ecological civilizations, and promoting all aspects of modernization. We will work together to comprehensively enhance our material, political, spiritual, social and ecological civilizations, promote the coordination of all aspects of modernization, promote the coordination of relations of production and productive forces, superstructure and economic foundation, and unify them in the new goal of building a strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful modern socialist country.

The main deployment to implement the overall layout of “Five in One”:

In economic construction adhere to the new development concept, the construction of a modern economic system, with the supply-side structural reform as the main line to promote economic development quality change, efficiency change, power change, continuous liberation and development of social productive forces.
In political construction, adhere to the people being in charge, make full use of the advantages and characteristics of socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics to ensure that the people’s mastery is implemented in the political and social life of the country.
In cultural construction, we will adhere to the core socialist value system, develop socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, always adhere to Marxism as the guide, adhere to the position of Chinese culture, base on the reality of contemporary China, take into account the conditions of today’s times, develop a modernized, world-oriented, future-oriented, national, scientific and popular socialist culture, and promote socialist spiritual civilization and socialism.
In social construction, we will adhere to the principle of “the development of socialism” and “the development of social culture”. [P. 14]
In the construction of ecological civilization, we will adhere to the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, the formation of resource conservation and environmental protection of the spatial pattern, industrial structure, mode of production, lifestyle, and return nature to tranquility, harmony and beauty.

The strategic layout of building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects, deepening reform in all aspects, comprehensively following the rule of law, and strictly governing the Party in all aspects, has both strategic goals and strategic initiatives, and each “comprehensive” has great strategic significance. To build a moderately prosperous society in all aspects is our strategic goal. Comprehensive deepening of reform, comprehensive rule of law, comprehensive strict governance of the Party are three strategic initiatives to achieve the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round: all three initiatives are essential. Without comprehensive deepening of reform, development will lack momentum, society will not have vitality. Without a comprehensive rule of law, the life of the country and social life can not run in an orderly manner, it is difficult to achieve social harmony and stability. Without comprehensive strict governance of the party, the party will not be able to do “iron needs its own hard”, it is difficult to play a good role as a leading core. Therefore, we must hold firmly to our goal of building a well-off society this strategic goal and never waver from it. We must be firmly committed to deepening reform, comprehensive rule of law, comprehensive strict governance of the party. We cannot slack off on these three strategic initiatives. We must strive to achieve all the “Four Comprehensives” since they complement and strengthen one another.

In the new era, to adhere to and implement the “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout, the focus of work is: [P. 15]

Build a moderately prosperous society. In accordance with the requirements of the 17th, 18th and 19th National Congresses of the Party, we will closely follow the changes in the main contradictions of our society, promote economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction, firmly implement the strategy of developing the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, the strategy of innovation-driven development, the strategy of revitalizing the countryside, the strategy of coordinated regional development, the strategy of sustainable development, the strategy of integration of the military and the people. Development strategy, highlighting the key points, making up for our shortcomings, and strengthening ourselves where we are weak, especially to resolutely fight to prevent and resolve major risks, we must stay focused on our battles to eradicate poverty and prevent pollution in order that the achievement of a moderately prosperous society shall be recognized by the people and satisfy the judgment of history.
Adhere to the overall deepening of reform. Reform and opening up is the only way to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, and comprehensively deepening reform is the fundamental way to solve China’s real problems and a key move to determine the future and destiny of contemporary China. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward that the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform is to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. In the new era, the breadth and complexity of the comprehensive deepening of reform are unprecedented. We must adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party on reform, maintain the direction of reform of socialist market economy, adhere to the maintenance of social justice and promotion of people’s welfare, correctly handle the major relationships in the comprehensive deepening of reform, focus on the combination of emancipation of the mind and seeking truth from facts, the combination of systemic integrity and synergy, the combination of top-level design and crossing the river by feeling for the stones, and the combination of reform, development and stability. The combination of reform, development and stability, to ensure a more effective and comprehensive deepening of reform. [P.16]
Adhere to the rule of law in a comprehensive manner. The comprehensive rule of law is the essential requirement and important guarantee of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must adhere to the Party’s leadership in the overall rule of law, implement the Party’s leadership in the whole process and all aspects of the rule of law, adhere to the people as the center, adhere to the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics rule of law, rule the country accordance with the Constitution, and implement governance in accordance with the Constitution. We insist on being people-centered, on following the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, on ruling the country according to the constitution, on governing according to the constitution, on advancing the modernization of the state governance system and governance capacity on the track of the rule of law, on building a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, on jointly advancing the rule of law, governance and administration all act to support the rule of law, on building a state, government and society which act as one according to the rule of law, on comprehensively advancing scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law-abiding by the whole people, on comprehensively advancing the rule of law at home and abroad, and on Construction of high-quality rule of law workforce of both moral and talent, and adhere to seize the leading cadres as the ‘key minority.
Adhere to the overall strict governance of the Party. The most distinctive character of the Communist Party of China is its encouragement of the self-revolution of the spirit within people and strict control of the Party. Under the condition of long-term rule, in order to maintain the Party’s advancement and purity and play a leading role in the Party, it is necessary to take the Party Constitution as the fundamental guideline, make the political construction of the Party the top priority, build the Party ideologically and rule the Party systemically, promote the construction of the Party in an integrated manner, seize the “key minority”, adhere to democratic centralism, serious political life within the Party. In addition, the Party should also strengthen its internal supervision, develop a positive and healthy political culture, purify the Party’s political ecology, resolutely correct all kinds of unhealthy winds, punish corruption with zero tolerance, continuously enhance the Party’s ability to purify itself, self-improvement, self-renovation and self-improvement, and always maintain the Party’s flesh-and-blood relationship with the people.

In October 2020, with China’s decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee duly put forward the overall layout of promoting economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization construction, and coordinating the strategic layout of comprehensively building a socialist modern state, comprehensively deepening reform, comprehensively ruling the country according to law and comprehensively implementing strict governance of the Party. Thus, in the new era and new stage, the overall layout of “Five-in-One” is the integrated layout of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction, and the strategic layout of “Four-Comprehensives” is the comprehensive construction of socialist modernization state, comprehensive deepening reform and comprehensive rule of law. The “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout is the strategic layout of building a modern socialist country, deepening reform, comprehensively following the rule of law, and comprehensively governing the Party, thus forming the overall layout and strategic layout of the new era and new stage, and designing a new strategic plan and deployment for China’s modernization. [P.17]

Note: Regarding the “five-in-one” overall layout and the “four comprehensive” strategic layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to explain clearly the historical development, basic connotation and specific deployment of the “five-in-one”. In particular, it is necessary to explain clearly the historical development, basic connotation and specific deployment of the “Five-in-One”, the historical development, main contents and practical measures of the “Four Comprehensives”. The content and significance of the “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout.

The CPC leads the people in developing a socialist market economy. Development is the Party’s first priority in ruling and prospering the country. Managing the world’s second largest economy, to maintain sustainable and healthy economic and social development, fundamentally depends on the party’s leading role in economic and social development to play a good core.

Strengthening the Party’s leadership of economic work, to improve the overall level of economic work led by the Party, is to adhere to the inevitable requirements of democratic centralism, but also the advantages of our political system. The party is the overall situation, coordination of all parties, economic work is the central work, the party’s leadership should of course be fully reflected in the central work, seize the central work of the bull’s nose, other work can be better launched. [P. 18]

Adhering to the leadership of the party, seeing to it that the Party plays its role of overall coordination through the leading role of the core leadership, is an important feature of China’s socialist market economy system. Under the leadership of the Party, we must adhere to the principle of public ownership and Under the leadership of the Party, the Party must insist on the simultaneous development of the public ownership system and the co-existence of multiple ownership economies, insist on the co-existence of multiple modes of distribution with the distribution of labor as the mainstay, insist on the organic combination of the socialist system and the market economy, and lead the people to continuously liberate and develop the productive forces.

The Party’s principles, tasks and ways to lead the people in developing a socialist market economy lie in: adhering to the basic economic system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It will unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector economy and unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector economy. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, and establish a sound macro-control system. Coordinate urban and rural development, regional development, economic and social development, harmonious development of human beings and nature, domestic development and opening up to the outside world, adjust the economic structure, transform the mode of economic development, and promote structural reform on the supply side. Promote the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, build a new socialist countryside, take a new type of industrialization path with Chinese characteristics, and build an innovative country and a world power in science and technology.

Note: Regarding the CPC’s leadership of the people in developing a socialist market economy, it is necessary to clearly explain the important significance, main principles, basic tasks and ways of the Party’s leadership of the people in developing a socialist market economy.

8. The CPC leads the people in the Development of Socialist Democratic Politics

Our country is a socialist state under the democratic dictatorship of the people led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants, and all powers of the state belong to the people. Socialist democracy in China is the most extensive, real and effective democracy that safeguards the fundamental interests of the people. The development of socialist democracy is to reflect the will of the people, protect their rights and interests, stimulate their creative energy, and use the institutional system to ensure that the people are masters in their own house. [P.19]

People’s democracy is the lifeblood of socialism. Without democracy, there can be no socialism, no socialist modernization, and no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The more socialism develops, the more democracy will develop. Therefore, the development of socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics is a necessary requirement for the Party to lead the people along the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, and it is also the embodiment of the Party’s purpose and historical mission.

The Party is leading the people to develop democratic politics of socialism with Chinese characteristics and so we must uphold the leadership of the Communist Party, the people being in charge and the organic unity of the rule of law. The leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee of the people’s mastery and the rule of law, the people’s mastery is the essential feature of socialist democratic politics, and the rule of law is the basic way for the Party to lead the people to govern the country. These three are unified in the great practice of socialist democratic politics in China.

The Party leads the people to develop socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics, must adhere to the road of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, practice a people-centered development ideology, develop the whole process of people’s democracy, and safeguard social justice. The Party is building a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, building a socialist rule of law state, consolidating the people’s democratic dictatorship, and building a socialist political civilization. We must adhere to and improve the system of people’s congresses, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of mass autonomy at the grassroots level. We must develop a broader, fuller and sounder people’s democracy, promote the broad, multi-layered and institutionalized development of consultative democracy, and effectively guarantee the people’s right to manage state and social affairs and economic and cultural undertakings. Respect and protect human rights. This will open up the way of speech, establish and improve the systems and procedures for democratic elections, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision. Improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, strengthen the implementation of laws, and realize the rule of law in all the work of the state.

[P. 20]

Note: Regarding the CPC’s leadership of the people in developing socialist democratic politics, it is necessary to explain clearly what socialist democratic politics is, why the CPC should lead the people in developing socialist democratic politics, and the main principles and practical measures for developing socialist democratic politics.

9. The Communist Party of China Leads the People in Developing Advanced Socialist Culture

Culture is the soul of a country and a nation. The country thrives on culture, and the nation is strong on culture. Without a high degree of cultural confidence and cultural prosperity, there will be no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China has been both an active leader and practitioner of China’s advanced culture and a faithful inheritor and promoter of China’s excellent traditional culture. The contemporary Chinese Communists and the Chinese people should and will certainly be able to take up a new cultural mission, create culture in practice, and achieve cultural progress in the course of historical progress.

The fundamental principle of the CPC in leading the people to develop advanced socialist culture is that it must adhere to Marxism as its guide, adhere to the Chinese cultural standpoint, base itself on the contemporary Chinese reality, take into account the conditions of the present era, develop a national, scientific and popular socialist culture that is oriented to modernization, the world and the future, and promote the coordinated development of socialist spiritual and material civilization. We must insist on serving the people and socialism, on the blossoming of a hundred flowers, on the contention of a hundred schools of thought, on the creative transformation and innovative development, and on the continuous forging of new glories of Chinese culture.

The CPC’s task of leading the people to develop advanced socialist culture requires In [P.24]: to build a socialist spiritual civilization, to implement the combination of ruling the country by law and by morality, to improve the ideological and moral quality of the whole nation and the quality of science and culture, and to provide a strong ideological force for reform and opening up and socialist modernization. To provide a strong ideological guarantee, spiritual power and intellectual support for reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and to build a strong socialist cultural state. Strengthen the construction of socialist core value system, adhere to the guiding ideology of Marxism, establish the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, promote the national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, cultivate and practice the core values of socialism, advocate the socialist concept of honor and shame, enhance national self-respect, self-confidence and self-improvement, resist the erosion of corrupt ideas of capitalism and feudalism We should eliminate all kinds of social evils and strive to make our people ideal, moral, educated and disciplined. Party members should be educated on the lofty ideals of communism. Vigorously develop education, science and culture, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of the excellent Chinese traditional culture, inherit revolutionary culture, develop advanced socialist culture, and improve the country’s cultural soft power. Firmly grasp the leadership of ideological work, constantly consolidate the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology, and consolidate the common ideological basis for the unity and struggle of the whole Party and the whole nation.

Note: Regarding the CPC’s leadership of the people in developing advanced socialist culture, it is necessary to The important significance, fundamental principles and task requirements of the CPC in leading the people to develop advanced socialist culture should be clearly explained.

10. The CPC leads the People in Building a Socialist Harmonious Society

Social harmony is an essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important guarantee of national prosperity, national revitalization and people’s happiness. Building a socialist harmonious society is a major strategic task proposed from the overall layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics and the overall situation of building a moderately prosperous society, reflecting the inherent requirement of building a rich, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern country.
The inherent requirements of the socialist modernization of the country, reflecting the whole party and the people of all nationalities The common aspiration of the entire Party and the people of all nationalities. [P. 22]
Since the founding of New China, the Party has made painstaking exploration in promoting social harmony, accumulated positive and negative experiences, and made important progress. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the CPC, the Party has steadfastly pushed forward reform, opening up and modernization, actively promoted economic development and overall social progress, and made unremitting efforts to promote social harmony. Since the 16th CPC National Congress, the Party has deepened its understanding of harmonious society, clarified the position of building a harmonious socialist society in the overall layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics, made a series of decisions and plans, and promoted the construction of a harmonious society to achieve new results.

In the new era, the Party will lead the people to build a harmonious socialist society, in accordance with the general requirements of democracy and rule of law, fairness and justice, honesty and fraternity, vitality, stability and order, and harmony between human beings and nature, and the principle of common construction and enjoyment, with the focus on safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood, solving the problems of people’s most concerned, most direct and most realistic interests, so that the fruits of development will benefit all people in a greater and fairer way, and constantly Enhance the people’s sense of access, and strive to form a situation in which all people can do their best, get their own way and live together in harmony. Strengthen and innovate social governance. Strictly distinguish and correctly deal with the two types of contradictions of different nature, namely, the contradictions between the enemy and us and the internal contradictions of the people. Strengthen comprehensive social security management, resolutely crack down on various criminal activities and criminals that endanger national security and interests, social stability and economic development in accordance with the law, and maintain long-term social stability. Adhere to the overall national security concept and resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests.
Note: Regarding the CPC’s leadership of the people in building a harmonious socialist society, it is necessary to The importance of the CPC’s leadership in building a harmonious socialist society, the CPC’s efforts in building a harmonious socialist society since the founding of New China, and the importance of the CPC’s leadership in building a harmonious socialist society should be clearly explained. The importance of the CPC’s leadership in building a harmonious socialist society, the active exploration of the CPC in building a harmonious socialist society since the founding of New China, and how the CPC leads the people in building a harmonious socialist society in the new era. [P.23]

11. The Communist Party of China leads the People in Building a Socialist Ecological Civilization

Ecological civilization is a product of the development of industrial civilization to a certain stage, a new civilization realm beyond industrial civilization, a civilization form gradually formed and being actively promoted on the basis of profound reflection on the serious ecological security problems brought about by industrial civilization, and a social form in which man and nature are in harmony.
The construction of ecological civilization is a fundamental plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. The Chinese people have always respected and loved nature, and the Chinese civilization, which has lasted for more than 5,000 years, has nurtured a rich ecological culture. Since the 18th Party Congress, the country has taken the construction of ecological civilization as an important part of the overall layout of the “Five-in-One”, and the concept of ecological civilization has taken root in people’s hearts. In the new era, the main task and means for the Party to lead the people to build a socialist ecological civilization is to establish a respect for nature and a The way is to: establish the ecological civilization concept of respecting nature, conforming to nature, protecting nature, and
Enhance the awareness that green water and green mountains are the silver mountain of gold, adhere to the basic state policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, adhere to the policy of giving priority to conservation, protection and natural restoration, and adhere to the civilized development path of production development, affluent living and good ecology. We will strive to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, implement the strictest ecological environmental protection system, form a spatial pattern, industrial structure, mode of production and lifestyle that conserves resources and protects the environment, create a good production and living environment for the people, and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

Note: Regarding the CPC’s leadership of the people in building a socialist ecological civilization, it is necessary to make clear the important significance of the CPC’s leadership of the people in building a socialist ecological civilization and the main tasks and ways of the Party’s leadership of the people in building a socialist ecological civilization in the new era. [P. 24]

一、中国共产党的特质和使命
1. 中国共产党的性质和行动指南
中囯共产党是中国工人阶级的先锋队，同时是中国人民和中华民族的先锋队，是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心，代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。党的最高理想和最终目标是实现共产主义。
中囯共产党以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、 “三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、习近平新时代中囯特色社会主义思想作为自己的行动指南。

说明：党的性质和行动指南是“党的领导”相关内容进课程教材必须要讲清楚的核心内容，因此，需要讲清楚中国共产党“一
个核心” “两个先锋队” “三个代表”性质形成的历史演化、具体含义、基本要求及其影响，讲清楚党的最高理想和最终目标是实现共产主义，讲清楚党的行动指南。

2. 中国共产党的初心和使命

中囯共产党的初心和使命，就是为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴。一百年来，中国共产党团结带领中国人民进行的一切奋斗、一切牺牲、一切创造，归结起来就是一个主题：实现中华民族伟大复兴。
中囯共产党成立以来，团结带领人民在中国这片古老的土地上，书写了人类发展史上惊天地、泣鬼神的壮丽史诗，从根本上
改变了中国人民和中华民族的前途命运，不可逆转地结束了近代以后中国内忧外患、积贫积弱的悲惨命运，不可逆转地开启了中华民族不断发展壮大、走向伟大复兴的历史进军，使具有五千多年文明历史的中国面貌焕然一新，中华民族伟大复兴展现出前所未有的光明前景。

中国共产党的初心和使命是激励中国共产党人不断前进的根本动力。中国共产党永远与人民同呼吸、共命运、心连心，永远把人民对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标，以永不懈怠的精神状态和一往无前的奋斗姿态，继续朝着实现中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟目标奋勇前进。

中囯共产党是为中国人民谋幸福的政党，也是为人类进步事业而奋斗的政党。中国共产党始终把为人类作出新的更大的贡献作为自己的使命。共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想，是中国共产党人的精神支柱和政治灵魂。中国共产党所做的一切，就是为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴、为人类谋和平与发展。
中囯共产党来自人民、扎根人民、造福人民，全心全意为人民服务是党的根本宗旨。党以最广大人民根本利益为一切工作的根本出发点和落脚点，坚持把人民拥护不拥护、赞成不赞成、高兴不高兴作为制定政策的依据，顺应民心、尊重民意、关注民情、致力民生，既通过提出并贯彻正确的理论和路线方针政策带领人
民前进，又从人民实践创造和发展要求中获得前进动力，让人民共享改革开放成果，激励人民更加自觉地投身改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业。

[P. 2 Chinese text]

说明：关于中国共产党的初心和使命，需要讲清楚为中国人
民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴的初心和使命，理解中国共产党为人类作出新的更大贡献的使命。同时要讲清楚党的初心和使命形成的历史过程，讲清楚保持党的初心的意义，讲清楚党的初心和使命与理想之间的关系、与党的宗旨的关系。
3. 中国共产党的伟大建党精神
1840年鸦片战争以后，中国逐步成为半殖民地半封建社会,国家蒙辱、人民蒙难、文明蒙尘，中华民族遭受了前所未有的劫难。从那时起，实现中华民族伟大复兴，就成为中国人民和中华民族最伟大的梦想。为了拯救民族危亡，中国人民奋起反抗，仁人志士奔走呐喊，太平天国运动、戊戌变法、义和团运动、辛亥革命接连而起，各种救囯方案轮番出台，但都以失败而告终。

十月革命一👉炮响，给中囯送来了马克思列宁主义。在中国
人民和中华民族的伟大觉醒中，在马克思列宁主义同中国工人运动的紧密结合中，中国共产党应运而生。中国产生了共产党，这是开天辟地的大事变，深刻改变了近代以后中华民族发展的方向和进程，深刻改变了中国人民和中华民族的前途和命运，深刻改变了世界发展的趋势和格局。
党的先驱们在拯救中华民族深重危机、担负中华民族伟大复
兴重任和创建中国共产党的过程中，形成了坚持真理、坚守理想,践行初心、担当使命，不怕牺牲、英勇斗争，对党忠诚、不负人民的伟大建党精神。

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中囯共产党的伟大建党精神具有深刻内涵：
坚持真理、坚守理想。马克思主义创造性地揭示了人类社会发展规律，是经过社会历史反复证明的真理，是人民实现自身解放的思想体系，并且随着实践的发展而不断发展。共产党人的理想和信仰是实现共产主义。中囯共产党是马克思主义真理与中国工人运动相结合的产物。党从成立之日起，就把马克思主义作为根本指导思想，并在实践中不断丰富和发展。中国共产党人的理想信念的基础是马克思主义揭示的人类社会发展规律。坚持真理，就是坚信马克思主义是颠扑不破的科学真理；坚守理想，就是遵循人类社会发展规律，坚信实现共产主义是社会历史发展的必然，并为之而不懈奋斗。
践行初心、担当使命。坚持真理、坚守理想，必须遵循实践
第一的精神，把为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴初心使命付诸伟大斗争实践，坚忍不拔、百折不挠，勇于担当、直面挑战,矢志不渝、接续前行，为共产主义理想奋斗终生。习近平总书记强调指出，“回顾党的历史，为什么我们党在那么弱小的情况下能够逐步发展壮大起来，在腥风血雨中能够一次次绝境重生，在攻坚克难中能够不断从胜利走向胜利，根本原因就在于不管是处于顺境还是逆境，我们党始终坚守为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴这个初心和使命，义无反顾向着这个目标前进，从而赢

得了人民衷心拥护和坚定支持。[P. 4] ”不怕牺牲、英勇斗争。不怕牺牲，是指为了真理和理想，勇于献身的崇高精神；英勇斗争，是指为了人民幸福和民族复兴，敢于斗争、敢于胜利的英雄气概。为有牺牲多壮志，敢教日月换新天，即是对共产党人视死如归、大义凛然的风骨气质和壮烈气概的典型表达。不畏强敌、不惧风险、敢于斗争、勇于胜利的意志和品质，是我们党最鲜明的特质和特点。党的先驱们创立的不怕牺牲、英勇斗争精神，深刻影响着一代代共产党人的伟大斗争实践。世界上没有哪个党像我们党这样，遭遇过如此多的艰难险阻，经历过如此多的生死考验，付出过如此多的惨烈牺牲。据不完全统计，从1921 年至 1949 年，全国牺牲的有名可查的革命烈士就达370 多万人。在脱贫攻坚斗争中， 1800 多名同志将生命定格在了脱贫攻坚征程上。

对党忠诚、不负人民。对党忠诚，体现为对党的信仰、对党组织、对党的理论和路线方针政策的忠诚；不负人民，就是始终坚持全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨。作为伟大建党精神，对党忠诚是共产党人首要的政治品质。我们党一路走来，经历了无数艰险和磨难，但任何困难都没有压垮我们，任何敌人都没能打倒我们，靠的就是千千万万党员的忠诚。对党忠诚，必须一心一意、一以贯之，必须表里如一、知行合一，任何时候任何情况下都不改其心、不移其志、不毁其节。[P 5] 同时，中国共产党根基在人民、血脉在人民、力量在人民，始终代表最广大人民根本利益，与人民休戚与共、生死相依，没有任何自己特殊的利益，从来不代表任何利益集团、任何权势团体、任何特权阶层的利益。人民立场是中国共产党的根本政治立场。共产党人打江山、守江山，守的是人民的心，不负人民的信任和重托，这种精神体现了党的先驱们立党为公、奉献人民的崇高情怀。
伟大建党精神，是对党的先驱们在建党实践中所体现出的精神品质的高度概括，是对党的先驱们为中华民族伟大复兴和共产主义理想奋斗的多方面精神的高度凝练。伟大建党精神是中国共产党的精神之源，一百年来，中国共产党弘扬伟大建党精神，在长期奋斗中构建起中国共产党人的精神谱系，锤炼出鲜明的政治品格。

历史川流不息、精神代代相传。在开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程、实现中华民族伟大复兴、实现共产主义伟大理想的历史进程中，我们要继续弘扬光荣传统、赓续红色血脉，永远把伟大建党精神继承下去、发扬光大。
说明：关于中国共产党的伟大建党精神，需要讲清楚中国共产党伟大建党精神形成的历史背景和过程，讲清楚伟大建党精神的深刻内涵，讲清楚伟大建党精神是中国共产党的精神之源，必须代代相传，弘扬光大。[P.6]

4. 中国共产党的根本组织原则中囯共产党是根据自己的纲领和章程，按照民主集中制组织起来的统一整体。民主集中制是民主基础上的集中和集中指导下的民主相结合。它既是党的根本组织原则，也是群众路线在党的生活中的运用。党的民主集中制的基本原则是：

第一，党员个人服从党的组织，少数服从多数，下级组织服从上级组织，全党各个组织和全体党员服从党的全国代表大会和中央委员会。

第二，党的各级领导机关，除它们派出的代表机关和在非党组织中的党组外，都由选举产生。

第三，党的最高领导机关，是党的全囯代表大会和它所产生的中央委员会。党的地方各级领导机关，是党的地方各级代表大会和它们所产生的委员会。党的各级委员会向同级的代表大会负责并报告工作。

第四，党的上级组织要经常听取下级组织和党员群众的意见，及时解决他们提出的问题。党的下级组织既要向上级组织请示和报告工作，又要独立负责地解决自己职责范围内的问题。上下级组织之间要互通情报、互相支持和互相监督。党的各级组织要按规定实行党务公开，使党员对党内事务有更多的了解和参与。

第五，党的各级委员会实行集体领导和个人分工负责相结合的制度。凡属重大问题都要按照集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定的原则，由党的委员会集体讨论，作出决定；委员会成员要根据集体的决定和分工，切实履行自己的职责。
[P.7]
第六，党禁止任何形式的个人崇拜。要保证党的领导人的活动处于党和人民的监督之下，同时维护一切代表党和人民利益的领导人的威信。

说明：关于党的根本组织原则，需要讲清楚党的民主集中制的基本含义和原则。讲清楚民主与集中的关系，重点讲清楚个人服从组织、少数服从多数、下级服从上级、全党服从中央等“四个服从”的要求。同时，要讲清楚党章规定的其他五项要求，包括这些规定在组织实践中的意义和具体体现。

5. 中国共产党的组织体系

中囯共产党是按照马克思主义建党原则建立起来的，具有包括党的中央组织、地方组织、基层组织在内的严密组织体系。
党的各级代表大会的代表和委员会的产生，要体现选举人的意志。选举采用无记名投票的方式。候选人名单要由党组织和选举人充分酝酿讨论。可以直接采用候选人数多于应选人数的差额选举办法进行正式选举。也可以先采用差额选举办法进行预选，产生候选人名单，然后进行正式选举。选举人有了解候选人情况、要求改变候选人、不选任何一个候选人和另选他人的权利。任何组织和个人不得以任何方式强迫选举人选举或不选举某个人。党的地方各级代表大会和基层代表大会的选举，如果发生违反党章的情况，上一级党的委员会在调查核实后，应作出选举无效和采取相应措施的决定，并报再上一级党的委员会审查批准，正式宣
布执行。党的各级代表大会代表实行任期制。
8
党的中央和地方各级委员会在必要时召集代表会议，讨论和决定需要及时解决的重大问题。代表会议代表的名额和产生办法，由召集代表会议的委员会决定。
党的各级领导机关，对同下级组织有关的重要问题作出决定时，在通常情况下，要征求下级组织的意见。要保证下级组织能够正常行使他们的职权。凡属应由下级组织处理的问题，如无特殊情况，上级领导机关不要干预。
有关全国性的重大政策问题，只有党中央有权作出决定，各部门、各地方的党组织可以向中央提出建议，但不得擅自作出决定和对外发表主张。党的下级组织必须坚决执行上级组织的决定。下级组织如果认为上级组织的决定不符合本地区、本部门的实际情况，可以请求改变；如果上级组织坚持原决定，下级组织必须执行，并不得公开发表不同意见，但有权向再上一级组织报告。

党的中央组织。包括党的全国代表大会和它产生的中央委员
会、中央纪律检查委员会；由中央委员会全体会议选举产生的中央政治局、中央政治局常务委员会；由中央委员会决定的中央军事委员会，以及由中央政治局常务委员会提名、中央委员会全体会议通过的中央书记处。党的全国代表大会每五年举行一次，由中央委员会召集。中央委员会认为有必要，或者有三分之一以上的省一级组织提出要求，全国代表大会可以提前举行；如无非常情况，不得延期举行。党的中央委员会每届任期五年。[9]

全国代表大会如提前或延期举行，它的任期相应地改变。中央委员会委员和候补委员必须有五年以上的党龄。中央委员会委员和候补委员的名额，由全国代表大会决定。中央委员会委员出缺，由中央委员会候补委员按照得票多少依次递补。中央委员会全体会议由中央政治局召集，每年至少举行一次。中央政治局向中央委员会全体会议报告工作，接受监督。党的全国代表大会的职权是：听取和审查中央委员会的报告；审查中央纪律检查委员会的报告;讨论并决定党的重大问题；修改党的章程；选举中央委员会；选举中央纪律检查委员会。在全国代表大会闭会期间，中央委员会执行全国代表大会的决议，领导党的全部工作，对外代表中国共产党。
党的全国代表会议的职权是：讨论和决定重大问题；调整和增选中央委员会、中央纪律检查委员会的部分成员。调整和增选中央委员及候补中央委员的数额，不得超过党的全国代表大会选出的中央委员及候补中央委员各自总数的五分之一。
党的中央政治局、中央政治局常务委员会和中央委员会总书记，由中央委员会全体会议选举。中央委员会总书记必须从中央政治局常务委员会委员中产生。中央政治局和它的常务委员会在中央委员会全体会议闭会期间，行使中央委员会的职权。中央书记处是中央政治局和它的常务委员会的办事机构；成员由中央政治局常务委员会提名，中央委员会全体会议通过。中央委员会总书记负责召集中央政治局会议和中央政治局常务委员会会议，并主持中央书记处的工作。[P. 10]

党的中央军事委员会组成人员由中央委员会决定，中央军事委员会实行主席负责制。
党的地方组织。是指党的省、自治区、直辖市，设区的市和自治州以及县（旗）、自治县、不设区的市和市辖区的代表大会和它们所产生的委员会，还包括经党代表大会选举产生的纪律检查委员会。上述组织的代表大会每五年举行一次。党的省、自治区、直辖市、设区的市和自治州的委员会，每届任期五年。这些委员会的委员和候补委员必须有五年以上的党龄。党的县
（旗）、自治县、不设区的市和市辖区的委员会，每届任期五年。这些委员会的委员和候补委员必须有三年以上的党龄。党的地方各级委员会全体会议，每年至少召开两次。党的地方各级委员会全体会议，选举常务委员会和书记、副书记，并报上级党的委员会批准。

党的地方各级代表大会的职权是：听取和审查同级委员会
的报告；审查同级纪律检查委员会的报告；讨论本地区范围内的重大问题并作出决议；选举同级党的委员会，选举同级党的纪律检查委员会。
党的地方各级委员会在代表大会闭会期间，执行上级党组织的指示和同级党代表大会的决议，领导本地方的工作，定期向上级党的委员会报告工作。党的地方各级委员会的常务委员会，在委员会全体会议闭会期间，行使委员会职权；在下届代表大会开
会期间，继续主持经常工作，直到新的常务委员会产生为止。[P.11]

党的地方各级委员会的常务委员会定期向委员会全体会议报告工作，接受监督。党的地区委员会和相当于地区委员会的组织，是党的省、自治区委员会在几个县、自治县、市范围内派出的代表机关。它根据省、自治区委员会的授权，领导本地区的工作。

党的基层组织。包括企业、农村、机关、学校、科研院所、街道社区、社会组织、人民解放军连队和其他基层单位的基层委员会、总支部委员会、支部委员会，包括基层委员会经批准设立的纪律检查委员会。企业、农村、机关、学校、科研院所、街道社区、社会组织、人民解放军连队和其他基层单位，凡是有正式党员三人以上的，都应当成立党的基层组织。党的基层组织是党在社会基层组织中的战斗堡垒，是党的全部工作和战斗力的基础。

说明：关于党的组织体系，需要讲清楚党的组织体系的层级组织结构，讲清楚不同层级组织的组成和职权，讲清楚党的组织体系及其基本原则，包括党的组织原则、建党原则、民主选举的原则，讲清楚中央组织和地方组织的类型、产生、上下级组织的关系及各机关的关系、职权，讲清楚基层组织的组成和功能。

6. 中国特色社会主义事业“ 五位一体” 总体布局和“ 四个全面”战略布局中囯特色社会主义事业的总体布局和战略布局，经历了形成和发展的长期过程。党的十八大以来，我们党形成并统筹推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设“五位一体”总体布局，形成并协调推进全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党“四个全面”战略布局。[P. 12] “五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局相互促进、统筹联动，从全局上确立了新时代坚持和发展中囯特色社会主义的战略规划和部署。

中囯特色社会主义事业总体布局，是我们党对社会主义建设规律在实践和认识上不断深化的重要成果。改革开放以来，随着经济社会发展和实践深入，从物质文明、精神文明“两个文明”,到经济、政治、文化建设“三位一体”，经济、政治、文化、社会建设“四位一体”，再到经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明建设“五位一体”，这是重大理论和实践创新，更带来了发展理念和发展方式的深刻转变。“五位一体”各方面相互联系、相互促进、不可分割，共同构筑起中国特色社会主义事业的全局。要按照“ 五位一体” 总体布局的整体性目标要求，坚持以经济建设为中心，促进经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明建设各方面相协调，推动生产关系与生产力、上层建筑与经济基础相适应，推进中国特色社会主义事业全面发展、全面进步。
“四个全面”战略布局，是我们党站在新的历史起点上把握我国发展新特征确定的治国理政新方略，是新的时代条件下推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设、坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的战略抉择。这一战略布局，是从我国发展现实需要中得出来的,
是从人民群众的热切期待中得出来的，也是为推动解决我们面临的突出矛盾和问题提出来的。[P. 13] 党的十八届三中、四中、五中、六中全会相继就全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面建成小康社会、全面从严治党进行了专题研究，完成“四个全面”战略布局顶层设计。

中囯特色社会主义事业“五位一体”总体布局是一个有机整体，其中经济建设是根本，政治建设是保障，文化建设是灵魂，社会建设是条件，生态文明建设是基础，共同致力于全面提升我国物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明、生态文明，促进现代化建设各方面相协调，促进生产关系与生产力、上层建筑与经济基础相协调，使之统一于把我国建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国的新目标。

贯彻落实“五位一体”总体布局的主要部署是：
第一，经济建设方面，坚持新发展理念，建设现代化经济体系，以供给侧结构性改革为主线，推动经济发展质量变革、效率变革、动力变革，不断解放和发展社会生产力。

第二，政治建设方面，坚持人民当家作主，把中国特色社会主义民主政治的优势和特点充分发挥出来，保证人民当家作主落实到国家政治生活和社会生活之中。

第三，文化建设方面，坚持社会主义核心价值体系，发展中国特色社会主义文化，始终坚持以马克思主义为指导，坚守中华文化立场，立足当代中国现实，结合当今时代条件，发展面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文
化，推动社会主义精神文明和物质文明协调发展。[P. 14]

第四，社会建设方面，坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，在发展中补齐民生短板、促进社会公平正义，在幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶上不断取得新进展。

第五，生态文明建设方面，坚持人与自然和谐共生，形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式,还自然以宁静、和谐、美丽。

全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党的战略布局，既有战略目标，也有战略举措，每一个“全面”都具有重大战略意义。全面建成小康社会是我们的战略目标。全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党是三大战略举措，对实现全面建成小康社会战略目标一个都不能缺。不全面深化改革，发展就缺少动力，社会就没有活力。不全面依法治国，国家生活和社会生活就不能有序运行，就难以实现社会和谐稳定。不全面从严治党，党就做不到“打铁还需自身硬”，也就难以发挥好领导核心作用。因此，必须紧紧扭住全面建成小康社会这个战略目标不动摇，紧紧扭住全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党三个战略举措不放松，努力做到“四个全面”相辅相成、相互促进、相得益彰。

在新时代，坚持和贯彻“四个全面”战略布局，工作重点在于: [P. 15]
第一，全面建成小康社会。按照党的十七大、十八大、十九大提出的全面建成小康社会各项要求，紧扣我国社会主要矛盾变化，统筹推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，坚定实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略、乡村振兴战略、区域协调发展战略、可持续发展战略、军民融合发展战略，突出抓重点、补短板、强弱项，特别是要坚决打好防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治的攻坚战，使全面建成小康社会得到人民认可、经得起历史检验。
第二，坚持全面深化改革。改革开放是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路，全面深化改革是解决中国现实问题的根本途径，是决定当代中国前途命运的关键一招。党的十八届三中全会提出，全面深化改革的总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。新时代，全面深化改革的深刻性和复杂性前所未有，必须坚持党对改革的集中统一领导，坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向，坚持维护社会公平正义、增进人民福祉，正确处理好全面深化改革中的重大关系，注重解放思想和实事求是相结合、系统性整体性协同性相结合、顶层设计和摸着石头过河相结合、改革发展稳定相结合，确保更加富有成效地推进全面深化改革。[P.16]

第三，坚持全面依法治国。全面依法治国是中国特色社会主义的本质要求和重要保障。必须坚持党对全面依法治国的领导，把党的领导贯彻落实到依法治囯全过程和各方面，坚持以人民为中心，坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路，坚持依宪治囯、依宪
执政，坚持在法治轨道上推进囯家治理体系和治理能力现代化，坚持建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，坚持依法治囯、依法执政、依法行政共同推进，法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设，坚持全面推进科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法，坚持统筹推进国内法治和涉外法治，坚持建设德才兼备的高素质法治工作队伍，坚持抓住领导干部这个‘关键少数”。
第四，坚持全面从严治党。勇于自我革命，从严管党治党，是中国共产党最鲜明的品格。在长期执政的条件下，为了保持党的先进性和纯洁性，发挥党的领导作用，必须以党章为根本遵循,把党的政治建设摆在首位，思想建党和制度治党同向发力，统筹推进党的各项建设，抓住“关键少数”，坚持民主集中制，严肃党内政治生活，严明党的纪律，强化党内监督，发展积极健康的党内政治文化，全面净化党内政治生态，坚决纠正各种不正之风，以零容忍态度惩治腐败，不断增强党自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高的能力，始终保持党同人民群众的血肉联系。

2020年10月，随着我国全面建设小康社会取得决定性胜利，党的十九届五中全会适时提出，统筹推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设的总体布局，协调推进全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面深化改革、全面依法治囯、全面从严治党的战略布局。由此可见，在新时代新阶段，“五位一体”总体布局是经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设一体布局，“四个全面”战略布局是全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党的战略布局，由此形成了新时代新阶段的总体布局和战略布局，为中国的现代化建设设计了新的战略规划和部署。[P.17]

说明：关于中国特色社会主义事业“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局，需要讲清楚“五位一体”的历史发展脉络、基本内涵和具体部署，讲清楚“四个全面”的历史发展脉络、主要内容和实践举措等o尤其需要讲清楚新时代新阶段统筹推进 “五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局的内容和意义。

7. 中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义市场经济发展是党执政兴国的第一要务，作为执政党，必须切实加强党对经济工作的领导，扎扎实实做好经济工作。能不能驾驭好世界第二大经济体，能不能保持经济社会持续健康发展，根本上取决于党在经济社会发展中的领导核心作用发挥得好不好。

加强党对经济工作的领导，全面提高党领导经济工作水平，是坚持民主集中制的必然要求，也是我们政治制度的优势。党是总揽全局、协调各方的，经济工作是中心工作，党的领导当然要在中心工作中得到充分体现，抓住了中心工作这个牛鼻子，其他工作就可以更好展开。[P. 18]
坚持党的领导，发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用，是我国社会主义市场经济体制的重要特征。发挥党总揽全局、协
调各方的领导核心作用，必须在党的领导下，坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展，坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，坚持把社会主义制度和市场经济有机结合起来，领导人民不断解放和发展生产力。

党领导人民发展社会主义市场经济的原则、任务和途径在于：坚持中囯特色社会主义基本经济制度。毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇地鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，建立
完善的宏观调控体系。统筹城乡发展、区域发展、经济社会发展、人与自然和谐发展、国内发展和对外开放，调整经济结构，转变经济发展方式，推进供给侧结构性改革。促进新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展，建设社会主义新农村，走中国特色新型工业化道路，建设创新型国家和世界科技强国。

说明：关于中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义市场经济，需要讲清楚党领导人民发展社会主义市场经济的重要意义、主要原则、基本任务和途径等内容。
8. 中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义民主政治
我囯是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家，国家一切权力属于人民。我国社会主义民主是维护人民根本利益的最广泛、最真实、最管用的民主。发展社会主义民主政治就是要体现人民意志、保障人民权益、激发人民创造活力，用制度体系保证人民当家作主。[P.19]

人民民主是社会主义的生命。没有民主就没有社会主义，就没有社会主义的现代化，就没有中华民族伟大复兴。社会主义愈发展，民主也愈发展。因此，发展中国特色社会主义民主政治，是党领导人民走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路的必然要求，也是党的宗旨体现和历史使命。

党领导人民发展中国特色社会主义民主政治，必须坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一。党的领导是人民当家作主和依法治国的根本保证，人民当家作主是社会主义民主政治的本质特征，依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方式，三者统一于我国社会主义民主政治伟大实践。

党领导人民发展中国特色社会主义民主政治，必须坚持走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，践行以人民为中心的发展思想，发展全过程人民民主，维护社会公平正义。建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，建设社会主义法治国家，巩固人民民主专政，建设社会主义政治文明。坚持和完善人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度以及基层群众自治制度。发展更加广泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主，推进协商民主广泛、多层、制度化发展，切实保障人民管理国家事务和社会事务、管理经济和文化事业的权利。尊重和保障人权。广开言路，建立健全民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督的制度和程序。完善中国特色社会主义法律体系，加强法律实施工作，实现国家各项工作法治化。
[P. 20]
说明：关于中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义民主政治，需要讲清楚什么是社会主义民主政治、中国共产党为什么要领导人民发展社会主义民主政治,讲清楚发展社会主义民主政治的主要原则和现实举措等内容。

9. 中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义先进文化

文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。文化兴国运兴，文化强民族强。没有高度的文化自信，没有文化的繁荣昌盛，就没有中华民族伟大复兴。中国共产党从成立之日起，既是中国先进文化的积极引领者和践行者，又是中华优秀传统文化的忠实传承者和弘扬者。当代中囯共产党人和中国人民应该而且一定能够担负起新的文化使命，在实践创造中进行文化创造，在历史进步中实现文化进步。

中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义先进文化的根本原则在于：必须坚持以马克思主义为指导，坚守中华文化立场，立足当代中国现实，结合当今时代条件，发展面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化，推动社会主义精神文明和物质文明协调发展。要坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务，坚持百花齐放、百家争鸣，坚持创造性转化、创新性发展,不断铸就中华文化新辉煌。

中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义先进文化的任务要求在于 [P.24]：建设社会主义精神文明，实行依法治囯和以德治国相结合，提高全民族的思想道德素质和科学文化素质，为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设提供强大的思想保证、精神动力和智力支持，建设社会主义文化强国。加强社会主义核心价值体系建设，坚持马克思主义指导思想，树立中国特色社会主义共同理想，弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神，培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，倡导社会主义荣辱观，增强民族自尊、自信和自强精神，抵御资本主义和封建主义腐朽思想的侵蚀,扫除各种社会丑恶现象，努力使我囯人民成为有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的人民。对党员要进行共产主义远大理想教育。大力发展教育、科学、文化事业，推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，继承革命文化，发展社会主义先进文化，提高国家文化软实力。牢牢掌握意识形态工作领导权，不断巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位，巩固全党全国人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。

说明：关于中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义先进文化，需要讲清楚中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义先进文化的重要意义、根本原则和任务要求等内容。

10. 中国共产党领导人民构建社会主义和谐社会

社会和谐是中囯特色社会主义的本质属性，是国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福的重要保证。构建社会主义和谐社会，是从中国特色社会主义事业总体布局和全面建设小康社会全局出发提出的重大战略任务，体现了建设富强民主文明和谐美丽的
社会主义现代化国家的内在要求，体现了全党全国各族人民的共同愿望。[P. 22]
新中国成立后，党在促进社会和谐方面进行了艰辛探索，积累了正反两方面经验，取得了重要进展。党的十一届三中全会以后，党坚定不移地推进改革开放和现代化建设，积极推动经济发展和社会全面进步，为促进社会和谐进行了不懈努力。党的十六大以来，党对和谐社会的认识不断深化，明确了构建社会主义和谐社会在中国特色社会主义事业总体布局中的地位，作出一系列决策部署，推动和谐社会建设取得新的成效。

在新时代，党领导人民构建社会主义和谐社会，需要按照民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的总要求和共同建设、共同享有的原则，以保障和改善民生为重点，解决好人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题，使发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，不断增强人民群众获得感，努力形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面。加强和创新社会治理。严格区分和正确处理敌我矛盾和人民内部矛盾这两类不同性质的矛盾。加强社会治安综合治理，依法坚决打击各种危害国家安全和利益、危害社会稳定和经济发展的犯罪活动和犯罪分子，保持社会长期稳定。坚持总体国家安全观，坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益。
说明：关于中国共产党领导人民构建社会主义和谐社会，需要讲清楚中国共产党领导人民构建社会主义和谐社会的重要意义、新中国成立以来中国共产党在构建社会主义和谐社会方面的积极探索以及新时代中国共产党如何领导人民构建社会主义和谐社会等内容。[P.23]

11. 中国共产党领导人民建设社会主义生态文明

生态文明是工业文明发展到一定阶段的产物，是超越工业文明的新型文明境界，是在对工业文明带来严重生态安全问题进行深刻反思基础上逐步形成和正在积极推动的一种文明形态，是人与自然和谐的社会形态。
生态文明建设是关系中华民族永续发展的根本大计。中华民族向来尊重自然、热爱自然，绵延五千多年的中华文明孕育着丰富的生态文化。党的十八大以来，中囯把生态文明建设作为统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局的重要内容，生态文明理念深入人心。在新时代，党领导人民建设社会主义生态文明的主要任务和途径在于：树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，
增强绿水青山就是金山银山的意识，坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，坚持节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针，坚持生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。着力建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，实行最严格的生态环境保护制度，形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式，为人民创造良好生产生活环境，实现中华民族永续发展。说明：关于中国共产党领导人民建设社会主义生态文明，需要讲清楚中国共产党领导人民建设社会主义生态文明的重要意义、新时代党领导人民建设社会主义生态文明的主要任务和途径等内容。[P. 24]

2021: Teaching “Leadership of the Communist Party” I

Key Points About the Leadership of the Communist Party

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2021: Teaching “Leadership of the Communist Party” I

Key Points About the Leadership of the Communist Party

I. Characteristics and Mission of the Communist Party of China

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About 高大伟 David Cowhig

10 Responses to 2021: Teaching “Leadership of the Communist Party” I

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